Tuesday, April 22, 2014

朗島招魚祭 Lang-Dao tribe’s summoning of fish

朗島村民集體走往攤頭參加招魚祭

招魚祭是蘭嶼飛魚季的開始,每年由紅頭部落率先舉行,之後其他部落會在各自的攤頭上舉行。在蘭嶼,傳統文化迅速凋零,朗島部落是仍保留最多傳統的部落之一,
因此在朗島的招魚祭算是所有部落中最有看頭的。雖然如此,因每個村落的傳統都有些不同,因此也無法說朗島的招魚祭是最完整正確定的。

祭典開始前,灘頭上空無一人。但時間一到,所有村莊的男丁忽然一起出現在街道中往灘頭走去,這畫面就好像香港黑道電影中,在街道上要去械鬥的幫派團體一樣。而每位大船船主,都會精心打扮,當他們坐在自己的大船前時,就像是一位幫派老大。

朗島招魚祭,主祭的大船一樣會划到海上,主祭司在海上招魚。儀式結束,長老吟唱著傳統歌謠,長者輪流用達悟語傳達招魚祭須注意事項。大夥聚集在攤頭上完成這件事,可以感受到朗島村對於傳統的重視與參與。但有趣的是,朗島是唯一一個部落將招魚祭時間訂在早上10點鐘的,傳統上招魚祭都是在天將明的時候舉行(約6點左右)。朗島將時間訂在10點鐘,據說是因為要配合教會作禮拜,等大家做完禮拜才舉行招魚祭。對於教會的影響力,我們不得不佩服。


The ceremony of summoning flying fish is just the beginning of flying fish season in Lanyu. Every year, Hong-Tou would lead to hold the ceremony, and the rest of the tribes would follow up to hold it along their seashore. In Lanyu, the traditional culture withers in a fast pace; Lang-Doa is one of the tribes that conserves the most part of the traditions. Because of this, the ceremony in Lang-Doa has so much to offer. However, since the traditions in every tribe are different, we still cannot say that the ceremony of Lang-Dao is the most complete one.

Before the start of ceremony, the seashore was empty. When the time came, all of a sudden, the able-bodied men would flock into the seashore from everywhere; it was just like one of the scenes in Hong Kong gangster movie: the gangs are ready for a fight in the street. Every boat owner would dress up meticulously. Sitting in front of their boats, they are just like the boss of the gangster.


In Lang-Dao’s ceremony, the priest would sail his boat to the sea to summon the fish. After the ceremony, the elders would sing the traditional tunes gently in a low and soft voice, and then state the rules of ceremony in Tao. Everyone would gather around at the seashore, and their participation shows their respect to the traditions. However, interestingly, Lang-Dao is the only tribe that starts the ceremony at ten o’clock in the morning. Traditionally, the ceremony is held at dawn (about six o’clock). It is said that Lang-Dao starts their ceremony at ten because they are waiting for the end of church service. The influence of church cannot be underestimated. I have no choice but to admire that. 




負責主祭的大船






主祭在海上招魚






拿來當鍋蓋的銀盔







長輩帶小朋友到溪邊洗手(祭典的一部分)






小朋友在同一條溪上小便






婦女不能踏進灘頭,只在外邊觀看。但更早之前,女生只能待在家哩,是連看都不可以看的。






村民坐在攤頭上聽長輩教誨招魚祭須注意事項






盛裝出席的婦女






江家人與他們的大船






在船上等到無聊想睡的小孩






大船船主






主祭大船船主(這艘為公家船)






江家大船船主





祭典結束,所有大船在灘頭上


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